Computer Organization and Architecture (KCS302)
UNIT 1: Introduction:
Functional units of a digital system and their interconnections, buses, bus architecture,
types of buses, and bus arbitration. Register, bus, and memory transfer. Processor organization,
general registers organization, stack organization, and addressing modes.
UNIT 2: Arithmetic and logic unit:
Arithmetic and logic unit: Look ahead carries adders. Multiplication: Signed operand
multiplication, Booths algorithm, and array multiplier. Division and logic operations. Floating-point
arithmetic operation, Arithmetic & logic unit design. IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Numbers
UNIT 3 : Control Unit:
Control Unit: Instruction types, formats, instruction cycles and sub-cycles (fetch and execute, etc),
micro-operations, execution of a complete instruction. Program Control, Reduced Instruction Set
Computer, Pipelining. Hardwire and microprogrammed control: micro program sequencing, the concept of horizontal and vertical microprogramming.
UNIT 4: Memory:
Memory: Basic concept and hierarchy, semiconductor RAM memories, 2D & 2 1/2D memory
organization. ROM memories. Cache memories: concept and design issues & performance address
mapping and replacement Auxiliary memories: magnetic disk, magnetic tape and optical disks
Virtual memory: concept implementation.
UNIT 5: Input / Output:
Input / Output: Peripheral devices, I/O interface, I/O ports, Interrupts: interrupt hardware, types of
interrupts and exceptions. Modes of Data Transfer: Programmed I/O, interrupt initiated I/O and
Direct Memory Access., I/O channels and processors. Serial Communication: Synchronous &
asynchronous communication, standard communication interfaces.
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